E-Tennessee nakwezinye izifundazwe eziningi ezweni, imithetho emisha ephikisana nethiyori yobuhlanga ebucayi ithinta izinqumo ezincane kodwa ezibalulekile ezenziwa othisha nsuku zonke.
Bhalisela i-newsletter yansuku zonke yamahhala ye-Chalkbeat Tennessee ukuze uhlale unolwazi mayelana nezikole zase-Memphis-Shelby County kanye nenqubomgomo yezemfundo yezwe.
Inhlangano yothisha enkulu kunazo zonke eTennessee ijoyine othisha abahlanu bezikole zikahulumeni ecaleni eliphikisana nomthetho wezwe weminyaka emibili owawukhawulela lokho abangakufundisa mayelana nokuchema kobuhlanga, ubulili kanye nekilasi.
Icala labo, elifakwe ngoLwesibili ebusuku enkantolo yenhlangano yaseNashville ngabameli be-Tennessee Education Association, lithi amagama omthetho ka-2021 awacacile futhi awahambisani nomthethosisekelo futhi uhlelo lombuso lokuphoqelela umthetho luzimele.
Isikhalazo siphinde sithi imithetho yaseTennessee ebizwa ngokuthi “imibono enqatshelwe” iphazamisa ukufundiswa kwezihloko ezinzima kodwa ezibalulekile ezifakwe kumazinga ezemfundo wombuso.Lawa mazinga abeka izinjongo zokufunda ezigunyazwe wuhulumeni eziqondisa ezinye izinqumo zekharikhulamu nezivivinyo.
Icala liyisinyathelo sokuqala esingokomthetho esibhekene nomthetho wezwe onempikiswano, esokuqala salolu hlobo ezweni lonke.Lo mthetho waphasiswa phakathi kokuhlehla kwamalungu e-Conservatives ngokumelene nokucindezela kweMelika kokucwasa ngokwebala kulandela ukubulawa kukaGeorge Floyd ngo-2020 yiphoyisa elimhlophe eMinneapolis kanye nemibhikisho yokulwa nokucwasa okwalandela.
Ummeli we-Oak Ridge u-John Ragan, omunye wabaxhasi balo mthethosivivinywa we-Republican, uthe umthetho uyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe abafundi be-K-12 kulokho yena nabanye abenzi bomthetho abakubona njengemibono edukisayo nehlukanisayo yezenhlalo yobulili, njengethiyori ebucayi yobuhlanga..Izinhlolovo zothisha zibonisa ukuthi lesi sisekelo semfundo asifundiswa ezikoleni ze-K-12, kodwa sisetshenziswa kakhulu emfundweni ephakeme ukuhlola ukuthi ezombusazwe nomthetho ziqhubekisela phambili kanjani ukucwasa okuhleliwe.
IsiShayamthetho saseTennessee esilawulwa yiRiphabhlikhi sawuphasisa kakhulu lo mthethosivivinywa ngezinsuku zokugcina zeseshini yango-2021, ezinsukwini ngemuva kokwethulwa.UMbusi uBill Lee ngokushesha wayisayina yaba umthetho, kwathi kamuva ngalowo nyaka uMnyango wezeMfundo wesifundazwe wabhala imithetho yokuyisebenzisa.Uma ukuphulwa kutholwa, othisha bangase balahlekelwe amalayisensi abo futhi izifunda zesikole zingase zilahlekelwe uxhaso lukahulumeni.
Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala, umthetho wawusebenza, kunezikhalo ezimbalwa kuphela futhi kungekho zinhlawulo.Kepha uRagan wethule umthetho omusha owandisa umbuthano wabantu abangafaka izikhalazo.
Isikhalo sithi umthetho awubanikezeli othisha baseTennessee ithuba elanele lokufunda ukuthi yikuphi ukuziphatha nokufundisa okungavunyelwe.
“Othisha bakule ndawo empunga lapho esingazi khona ukuthi yini esingayenza noma esingeke siyenze noma siyisho ekilasini,” kusho uKatherine Vaughn, umakadebona wothisha waseTipton County ngaseMemphis futhi ongomunye wabamangali bothisha abahlanu." Esimweni esinjalo.
"Ukusetshenziswa komthetho - kusukela ebuholini kuya ekuqeqeshweni - akukho nhlobo," kusho uVaughn."Lokhu kubeka othisha esimeni esibucayi."
Icala liphinde lithi umthetho ukhuthaza ukuphoqelelwa ngokungenamthetho nokucwasa futhi wephula Isichibiyelo Seshumi Nane Somthethosisekelo wase-US, esivimbela noma yisiphi isimo “ekuphucweni noma yimuphi umuntu ukuphila, inkululeko, noma impahla ngaphandle kwenqubo yomthetho efanele.”
"Umthetho udinga ukucaciseleka," kusho uTanya Coates, umongameli we-TEA, iqembu lothisha elihola leli cala.
Uthe othisha bachitha “amahora amaningi” bezama ukuqonda imiqondo engu-14 engekho emthethweni nasekilasini, okuhlanganisa nokuthi iMelika “inobandlululo ngokuyisisekelo noma ngokungenathemba noma ibandlulula ngokobulili”;“ukuziphendulela” ngezenzo zesikhathi esidlule zamanye amalungu ohlanga noma ubulili obufanayo ngenxa yohlanga noma ubulili bawo.
Ukungacaci kahle kwala magama kube nomthelela omubi ezikoleni, kusukela endleleni othisha abaphendula ngayo imibuzo yabafundi kuya ezintweni abazifunda ekilasini, kubika i-TEA.Ukuze kugwenywe izikhalo ezidla isikhathi kanye nengozi yenhlawulo engase ibe khona evela kuhulumeni, abaholi bezikole benze izinguquko ekufundiseni nasemisebenzini yesikole.Kodwa ekugcineni, uCoats uthi ngabafundi abahluphekayo.
"Lo mthetho uvimbela umsebenzi wothisha baseTennessee ekuhlinzekeni abafundi ngemfundo egcwele, esekelwe ebufakazini," kusho uCoates esitatimendeni sabezindaba.
Icala elinamakhasi angu-52 linikeza izibonelo ezithile zokuthi ukuvinjelwa kunomthelela kulokho abafundi basesikoleni sikahulumeni abacishe babe yisigidi saseTennessee abakufundayo futhi abangafundi nsuku zonke.
”EsiFundazweni sase-Tipton, ngokwesibonelo, isikole sishintshe uhambo lwaso lwenkundla lwaminyaka yonke saya ku-National Civil Rights Museum e-Memphis ukuze sibuke umdlalo we-baseball.EShelby County, umculi wekwaya osefundise abafundi amashumi eminyaka ukucula nokuqonda indaba yamaculo abawaculayo uzobhekwa njengezigqila.”ukuhlukanisa” noma ukwephulwa kokuvinjelwa,” kusho icala.Ezinye izifunda zezikole ziye zakhipha izincwadi ezifundweni zazo ngenxa yomthetho.
Ihhovisi likaGovernor alivamisile ukuphawula ngamacala asamisiwe, kodwa umkhulumeli u-Lee Jed Byers ukhiphe isitatimende ngoLwesithathu mayelana naleli cala: “UMbusi usayine lo mthethosivivinywa ngoba wonke umzali kufanele abe nesibopho ngemfundo yengane yakhe.Thembekani, bafundi baseTennessee.umlando kanye nezindaba zomphakathi kufanele zifundiswe ngokusekelwe emaqinisweni hhayi ekuphawuleni okuhlukanisayo kwezombusazwe.”
I-Tennessee yayingesinye sezifundazwe zokuqala ukuphasisa imithetho yokunciphisa ukujula kwengxoxo yasekilasini yemiqondo efana nokungalingani kanye nelungelo elimhlophe.
NgoMashi, uMnyango wezeMfundo waseTennessee wabika ukuthi zimbalwa izikhalazo ezifakwe ezifundeni zezikole zasendaweni njengoba kudingwa umthetho.I-ejensi ithole izikhalo ezimbalwa kuphela eziphikisana nezinqumo zendawo.
Omunye wayevela kumzali womfundi wesikole esizimele e-Davidson County.Ngenxa yokuthi umthetho awusebenzi ezikoleni ezizimele, umnyango usunqume ukuthi abazali abanalo ilungelo lokudlulisa icala ngaphansi komthetho.
Esinye isikhalazo safakwa umzali waseBlount County mayelana neWings of the Dragon, inoveli eyashiwo ngombono womfana wokufika waseShayina ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.Umbuso usichithile isikhalazo ngokwemiphumela yawo.
Nokho, izikole zaseBlount County zisayikhiphile le ncwadi ohlelweni lwezifundo lwebanga lesithupha.Icala lichaza umonakalo ongokomzwelo icala elawubangela kuthisha oneminyaka engu-45 ubudala “owaba namahloni ngezinyanga zokuqulwa kwecala lokuphatha ngenxa yesikhalazo somzali oyedwa mayelana nencwadi yentsha eyazuza umklomelo.”Umsebenzi wakhe othi "Engozini" ugunyazwe uMnyango waseTennessee.imfundo futhi yamukelwe ibhodi lesikole lendawo njengengxenye yekharikhulamu yesifunda.“
Umnyango unqabile ukuphenya ngesikhalo esifakwe yiWilliamson County, eningizimu yeNashville, ngemuva nje kokuphasiswa kwalo mthetho.URobin Steenman, umongameli wendawo weFreedom Moms, uthe uhlelo lweWit and Wisdom lokufunda nokubhala olusetshenziswa izikole zaseWilliamson County ngo-2020-21 “lunohlelo oluchemile kakhulu” oludala ukuthi izingane “izonde izwe lazo futhi zizondane” .nabanye.”/ noma ngokwabo.“
Umkhulumeli uthe umnyango ugunyazwe kuphela ukuthi uphenye ngezimangalo kusukela ngonyaka wesikole ka-2021-22 futhi wakhuthaza u-Stillman ukuthi asebenzisane nezikole zaseWilliamson County ukuxazulula okumkhathazayo.
Izikhulu zoMnyango azizange ziphendule ngokushesha ngoLwesithathu ngesikhathi zibuzwa ukuthi umbuso uzitholile yini ezinye izikhalo ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo yezwe yamanje, abafundi kuphela, abazali, noma abasebenzi besifunda sesikole noma isikole esiqashiwe abangafaka isikhalazo mayelana nesikole sabo.Umthethosivivinywa weRagan, oxhaswe nguSenator uJoey Hensley, eHornwald, uzovumela noma yisiphi isakhamuzi sesifunda sesikole ukuthi sifake isikhalazo.
Kodwa abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi uguquko olunjalo lungavula umnyango wokuthi amaqembu alandela imithetho efana neLiberal Moms akhononde emabhodini ezikole zendawo mayelana nokufundisa, izincwadi noma izinsiza abakholelwa ukuthi zephula umthetho, ngisho noma bengahlobene ngokuqondile nezikole.Uthisha onenkinga noma isikole.
I-Prohibition Concept Act ihlukile kuMthetho we-Tennessee ka-2022, lowo, ngokusekelwe ezinqumweni zebhodi lesikole sendawo, unikeza amandla ikhomishini yombuso ukuthi ivimbele izincwadi emitatsheni yolwazi yezikole kuzwelonke uma izibona “njengezingafaneleki ubudala bomfundi noma izinga lokukhula.”
Inothi Lomhleli: Lesi sihloko sibuyekeziwe ukuze sifake ukuphawula okuvela ehhovisi likaHulumeni kanye nomunye wabamangali.
Martha W. Aldrich is a senior reporter covering events at the Tennessee State Capitol. Please contact her at maldrich@chalkbeat.org.
Ngokubhalisa, uyavumelana neSitatimende sethu Sobumfihlo, futhi abasebenzisi base-Europe bayavumelana Nenqubomgomo Yokudluliswa Kwedatha.Ungase futhi uthole ukuxhumana okuvela kubaxhasi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngokubhalisa, uyavumelana neSitatimende sethu Sobumfihlo, futhi abasebenzisi base-Europe bayavumelana Nenqubomgomo Yokudluliswa Kwedatha.Ungase futhi uthole ukuxhumana okuvela kubaxhasi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-28-2023