Qinisekisa ukuthi umsindisi ulahlekelwe yini ingqondo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nokuma kokuphefumula. Kubonakala ngokuvuleka kwamehlo kanye nokulahlekelwa ukukhanya. Umthambo we-femoral kanye nomthambo we-carotid awukwazanga ukuthintwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Imisindo yenhliziyo yanyamalala; i-Cyanosis (Isithombe 1).
2. Indawo: Beka umsindisi phansi emhlabathini oqinile oyisicaba noma ubeke ibhodi eliqinile ngemuva kwakhe (Isithombe 2).
3. Gcina umgudu wokuphefumula ungaphazanyiswa: Okokuqala hlola umgudu wokuphefumula (Isithombe 3), susa uketshezi, ukuhlanza kanye nemizimba yangaphandle emgudwini wokuphefumula. Uma kukhona amazinyo okufakelwa, kufanele asuswe. Ukuze uvule umgudu womoya, isandla esisodwa sibekwa ebunzini ukuze ikhanda ligobe emuva, bese kuthi iminwe ekhombayo nephakathi yesinye isandla ibekwe endongeni eduze kwesilevu (umhlathi) ukuze kuphakanyiswe isilevu phambili bese kudonswa intamo (Isithombe 4).
Umfanekiso 1 Ukuhlolwa kokuqonda kwesiguli
Umfanekiso 2 Funa usizo bese uzibeka endaweni efanele
Umfanekiso 3 Ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula kwesiguli
4. Ukuphefumula okwenziwa kanye nokucindezelwa kwesifuba
(1) Ukuphefumula okwenziwayo: ukuphefumula ngomlomo, ukuphefumula ngomlomo, kanye nokuphefumula ngomlomo (izinsana) kungasetshenziswa. Le nqubo yenziwa ngenkathi izindlela zokuphefumula zigcinwa ziyimfihlo futhi imithambo ye-carotid ihlolwe ukuthi ayinayo yini i-pulsation (Isithombe 5). Umqhubi ucindezela ibunzi lesiguli ngesandla sakhe sobunxele bese ecindezela ingxenye engezansi yekhala ngesithupha sakhe nomunwe wokukhomba. Ngeminwe yokukhomba neyephakathi yesinye isandla, phakamisa umhlathi ongezansi wesiguli, uphefumule ngokujulile, uvule umlomo ukuze umboze umlomo wesiguli ngokuphelele, bese uphefumula ngokujulile nangokushesha emlonyeni wesiguli, kuze kube yilapho isifuba sesiguli siphakanyiswa phezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umlomo wesiguli kufanele uvuleke, futhi isandla esicindezela ikhala kufanele siphumule, ukuze isiguli sikwazi ukuphefumula sisuka ekhaleni. bheka ukubuyiselwa kwesifuba sesiguli, futhi kube nokugeleza komoya emzimbeni wesiguli. Imvamisa yokushaya umoya iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-12-20/ngomzuzu, kodwa kufanele ilingane nokucindezela kwenhliziyo (Isithombe 6). Ekuhlinzweni komuntu oyedwa, kwenziwa ukucindezela kwenhliziyo okungu-15 kanye nokushaya umoya okubili (15:2). Ukucindezela kwesifuba kufanele kumiswe ngesikhathi sokushaya umoya, njengoba ukushaya umoya ngokweqile kungabangela ukuqhuma kwe-alveolar.
Umfanekiso 4 Ukugcina i-patent yomoya
Umfanekiso 5 Ukuhlolwa kwe-carotid pulsation
Umfanekiso 6 Ukwenza ukuphefumula okwenziwayo
(2) Ukucindezela inhliziyo kwesifuba sangaphandle: yenza ukucindezela kwenhliziyo kokwenziwa ngenkathi uphefumula ngokwenziwa.
(i) Indawo yokucindezela yayilapho kuhlangana khona ingxenye engenhla engu-2/3 kanye nengxenye engezansi engu-1/3 ye-sternum, noma amasentimitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-5 ngaphezu kwenqubo ye-xiphoid (UMFANELO 7).
Umfanekiso 7 Ukunquma indawo efanele yokucindezela
(ii) Indlela yokucindezela: impande yesandla somsindisi ibekwa ngokuqinile endaweni yokucindezela, kanti enye intende ibekwa ngemuva kwesandla. Izandla zombili zihambisana futhi iminwe iyaphambana futhi ibanjwe ndawonye ukuze kuphakanyiswe iminwe odongeni lwesifuba; Izingalo zomsindisi kufanele zelulwe ziqonde, iphuzu eliphakathi lamahlombe womabili kufanele liqonde endaweni yokucindezela, futhi isisindo somzimba ongaphezulu kanye namandla emisipha yamahlombe nezingalo kufanele kusetshenziswe ukucindezela phansi ngokuqondile, ukuze i-sternum igobe ngo-4 kuya ku-5 cm (abaneminyaka emi-5 kuya kwengu-13 ubudala 3 cm, usana 2 cm); Ukucindezela kufanele kwenziwe kahle futhi njalo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka; Isilinganiso sesikhathi sokucindezela phansi kanye nokuphumula phezulu singu-1:1. Cindezela endaweni ephansi kakhulu, kufanele kube nokuma okusobala, akukwazi ukuthinta uhlobo lokusunduza noma ukucindezela uhlobo lokugxuma; Uma uphumule, impande yesandla akufanele ishiye iphuzu lokuqina kwe-sternal, kodwa kufanele ikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze i-sternum ingabi ngaphansi kwanoma yikuphi ukucindezela; Kukhethwa izinga lokucindezela elingu-100 (Izithombe 8 no-9). Ngesikhathi esifanayo sokucindezela isifuba, kufanele kwenziwe ukuphefumula okwenziwayo, kodwa ungaphazamisi ukuvuselela kwenhliziyo namaphaphu njalo ukuze kubonwe ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nesilinganiso senhliziyo, futhi isikhathi esisele sokucindezela akufanele sidlule imizuzwana eyi-10, ukuze kungaphazamisi impumelelo yokuvuselela.
Umfanekiso 8 Ukwenza ukucindezelwa kwesifuba
Umfanekiso 9 Ukuma okufanele kokucindezeleka kwenhliziyo kwangaphandle
(3) Izinkomba eziyinhloko zokucindezela okuphumelelayo: ① Ukuhlikihla kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokucindezela, ingcindezi ye-systolic yomthambo we-brachial > 60 mmHg; ② Umbala wobuso besiguli, izindebe, izinzipho kanye nesikhumba kwaphenduka kwaba bomvu futhi. ③ Umfundi ovulekile waphinde washwabana. ④ Imisindo yokuphefumula kwe-alveolar noma ukuphefumula okuzenzakalelayo kwakuzwakala ngesikhathi sokuphefumula komoya, futhi ukuphefumula kwathuthuka. ⑤ Ukuqwasha kwabuya kancane kancane, i-coma yaba mfushane, i-reflex kanye nobunzima bungaba khona. ⑥ Ukwanda kokukhipha umchamo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-14-2025