Lo modeli uklanywe futhi wenziwa ngokusekelwe ku-anatomy evamile yomuntu, kusukela ekumeni kwawo wonke kuya kuzo zonke izingxenye zawo eziyinhloko. Udonga lwesifuba olungaphezulu kanye namathambo ekhanda kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki eqiniswe nge-fiberglass, kuyilapho ubuso, impumulo, umlomo, ulimi, i-epiglottis, i-larynx, i-trachea, i-bronchi, i-esophagus, amaphaphu, isisu, kanye nesimo sesifuba esingaphezulu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki ethambile nethambile. Kufakwe umhlathi ongezansi oshukumayo ukuze umlomo uvuleke futhi uvale. Ukunyakaza kwamalunga omlomo wesibeletho kuvumela ikhanda ukuthi litsheke emuva lifike kuma-degrees angu-80 bese lidlulela phambili lifike kuma-degrees angu-15. Kunezibonakaliso zokukhanya ezibonisa indawo yokufaka ipayipi. Umqhubi angenza ukuqeqeshwa kokufaka ipayipi ngokulandela izinyathelo ezivamile zokufaka ipayipi.
Indlela yokufaka ipayipi lomlomo nge-trachea:
1. Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe ipayipi: A: Hlola i-laryngoscope. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-laryngoscope kanye nesibambo kuxhunywe kahle, nokuthi isibani sangaphambili se-laryngoscope sivuliwe. B: Hlola i-cuff ye-catheter. Sebenzisa isirinji ukuze ufutha i-cuff engxenyeni engaphambili ye-catheter, uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukuvuza komoya okuvela ku-cuff, bese ukhipha umoya kusuka ku-cuff. C: Cwilisa indwangu ethambile ku-oyela wokugcoba bese uyibeka esicongweni se-catheter kanye nasebusweni be-cuff. Cwilisa ibhulashi ku-oyela wokugcoba bese uyibeka ohlangothini olungaphakathi lwe-trachea ukuze kube lula ukunyakaza kwe-catheter.
2. Beka i-dummy endaweni yokulala phansi, ikhanda libheke emuva nentamo iphakanyisiwe, ukuze umlomo, i-pharynx kanye ne-trachea kuhambisane kahle ku-axis eyodwa.
3. Umqhubi umi eceleni kwekhanda le-mannequin, ebambe i-laryngoscope ngesandla sakhe sobunxele. I-laryngoscope ekhanyisiwe kufanele ithambekele ekhoneni lesokudla ngasemphinjeni. I-laryngoscope blade kufanele ifakwe ngemuva kolimi iye esisekelweni solimi, bese iphakanyiswa kancane phezulu. Unqenqema lwe-epiglottis lungabonakala. Beka ingxenye engaphambili ye-laryngoscope lapho kuhlangana khona i-epiglottis kanye nesisekelo solimi. Bese uphakamisa i-laryngoscope futhi ukuze ubuke i-glottis.
4. Ngemva kokuveza ama-glottis, bamba i-catheter ngesandla sakho sokunene bese uqondanisa ingxenye engaphambili ye-catheter nama-glottis. Faka i-catheter kancane ku-trachea. Yifake cishe nge-1 cm ku-glottis, bese uqhubeka nokujikeleza bese uyifaka ku-trachea. Kubantu abadala, kufanele ibe yi-4 cm, kanti ezinganeni, kufanele ibe yi-2 cm. Ngokuvamile, ubude be-catheter kubantu abadala buyi-22-24 cm (lokhu kungalungiswa ngokuya ngesimo sesiguli).
5. Beka ithileyi yamazinyo eceleni kwepayipi lomgudu wokuphefumula, bese ukhipha i-laryngoscope.
6. Xhuma idivayisi yokuvuselela isiguli ku-catheter bese ucindezela isikhwama sokuvuselela isiguli ukuze siphefumulele umoya ku-catheter.
7. Uma i-catheter ifakwa ku-trachea, i-inflation izokwenza amaphaphu womabili akhule. Uma i-catheter ingena ngengozi emhubheni, i-inflation izokwenza isisu sikhule futhi kuzophuma umsindo ovunguzayo njengesixwayiso.
8. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-catheter ifakwe kahle ku-trachea, lungisa i-catheter kanye nethreyi yamazinyo ngokuphephile nge-tape ende enamathelayo.
9. Sebenzisa inalithi yokujova ukuze ufake umoya ofanele ku-cuff. Uma i-cuff ivuvukele, ingaqinisekisa ukuvalwa okuqinile phakathi kwe-catheter nodonga lwe-tracheal, ivimbele ukuvuza komoya okuvela kumshini wokuphefumula lapho uletha umoya emaphashini. Kungavimbela nokuhlanza kanye nokuphuma koketshezi ukuthi kubuyele ku-trachea.
10. Sebenzisa isirinji ukukhipha i-cuff bese ususa isibambi se-cuff.
11. Uma i-laryngoscope ingasetshenziswanga kahle futhi ibangela ukucindezeleka emazinyweni, kuzoqala umsindo we-alamu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-11-2025